Read the article on 'Profiles - Where Thunderbird stores your messages and other user data', and especially the part about moving your profile. You can easily retrieve all the folders, emails, addresses and settings - everything at once in one simple process, as long as the Profile folder is complete. If you used a backup tool that makes incremental backups or compresses or encrypts the backup you will need to restore with the same tool to create a complete profile folder and contents.

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