Yes, but we can give better advice if you tell explicitly what you want to achieve. Thank you

I would like to archive emails from my numerous email accounts locally, but with each account in a separate local folder so that they are stored in different locations on my hard drive. Later, I would like to permanently archive a local folder, including removing it from Thunderbird. However, I may need to open such emails again at some point and would then like to import them back into Thunderbird.

in the 'copies&folders' pane of each account, you can specify unique folder for the archiving. For the removing and later importing, you can exit thunderbird and use windows file explorer to copy elsewhere, since they are just files. Or, you can use the addon 'importexporttools NG' to do that. just highlight a folder, rightclick and select the importexport option to export mbox. At some future point that you want to read them again, just highlight Local Folders, rightclick and then select the importexport option to import mbox. yes, it's that easy. :)

thanks for your hint. however, I was referring to this special account called "local folder" which does not have an identity, see attached screenshots. can I have more than one of these?

There is only one Local Folders in Thunderbird, but you can have multiple subfolders. This is because Thunderbird needs a root location. If you click 'account settings' and scroll down left column to Local Folders and look at bottom line, you will see the 'Local Directory' pointer. If you want your local folders to be elsewhere than in the thunderbird profile, it's a simple process:

1. first, create your root folder for Local Folders. It can be on same drive on another drive.
2. once done, you can then click the account settings>Local Folders pane and change the Local Directory to point to the one you created. Thunderbird may insist on a restart before using it.
3. Now, you have local folders separate from thunderbird and set your archive folders in separate folders there.

See https://addons.thunderbird.net/en-us/thunderbird/addon/localfolder/