Assuming you are a novice at Linux, I will speak as a novice myself. Thunderbird is already there, so your first task is locating where the profile is stored (which could vary depending on the distribution). Then, it's just a matter of making a copy of your Windows profile and copying into the same location as the Linux profile was, overlaying the one there.

Agreed.

On Debian, on which Mint is ultimately based, the profile is in ~/.thunderbird.

If after copying it the Mint version seems to not be using that profile press Alt-H then Alt-I to get the Troubleshooting Information screen. Look down the blue block at the left for Profiles. Click about:profiles next to it. That brings up a screen where you can choose which profile to use, ie the one you copied rather than the one Thunderbird created on Mint when it was installed.