Look for the tiny square button at top right of the window where your email messages are listed. This lets you select the columns.

I don't think the menu you asked for would help you with this problem. Your question suggests that you normally use the traditional menu which has been replaced by the "hamburger" menu button, the one with three lines supposedly denoting a menu.

You can get the old menus back by pressing the <alt> key.

If you notice my screen shot, you'll see at the top of the page it has "From", "Subject", "no-reply" and "To". I want to change it to one line only like it was. When you said hit "alt', what other key do I use with it?

Go to the add on page and get the new version of Compact Header.

That added the missing control.