FAQ sur les lecteurs d'écrans pour Firefox

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Voici la liste des questions les plus posées par les utilisateurs de lecteur d'écrans ou de loupe grossissante qui veulent migrer vers Firefox 3 et qui se pose des questions sur l'accessibilité.


Quels avantages généraux s'offrent à moi ?

Plusieurs utilisateurs citent l'augmentation de la vitesse et de la sécurité tout en étant facile à utiliser.

Est-ce que Firefox 3 représente vraiment une amélioration par rapport aux versions précédentes ?

Absolument ! En tout point, le navigateur est plus rapide, plus sécuritaire, plus stable et tout simplement meilleur qu'avant. De plus, plusieurs améliorations au niveau de l'accessibilité ont fait de la lecture d'écran de Firefox 3 une expérience améliorée. Informez-vous, recherchez sur le Web ou essayez le par vous même, cette conclusion est inévitable. Si vous éprouvez des difficultés lors de la mise-à-jour.

Quels sont les avantages des extensions Firefox ?

Firefox peut être personnalisé pour votre usage. Il existe un nombre faramineux de modules complémentaires gratuits pouvant être installés afin d'avoir une navigation tout à fait personnalisée. Les extensions peuvent, par exemple, rendre vos pages plus accessibles ou même bloquer les publicités. Plusieurs de ces modules sont spécialement intéressant pour les personnes malvoyantes.

Quels extensions devrais-je installer ?

Où puis-je trouver ces extensions ?

Vous pouvez toujours parcourir la liste complète des extensions, plusieurs d'entre elles peuvent s'avérer utile. Recherchez facilement des estensions comme AdBlock Plus sur le site des modules Firefox ou à partir du menu Outils->Modules complémentaires directement dans Firefox.

Gardez en tête que les extensions sont écrites par des personnes tiers. Souvenez-vous, si vous éprouvez des difficultés, demandez de l'aide. La communauté peut même vous aider à entrer en contact avec l'auteur de l'extension pour vous aider à régler le problème.

Existe-t-il des extensions spécialement conçu pour les personnes malvoyantes ?

Oui, plusieurs extensions et thèmes peuvent être intéressant pour les utilisateurs Firefox malvoyant. Yes. There are many extensions and themes of special interest to visually impaired Firefox users. Plusieurs d'entre elles sont décrites sur le site AccessFirefox.com.

Informez-vous à propos d'une extension vraiment spéciale nommée WebVisum.

Qu'est-ce qui fait de WebVisum une extension aussi spéciale ?

WebVisum est une extension révolutionnaire pour les utilisateurs malvoyants de Firefox. WebVisum apporte les choses suivantes :

  • Elle permet à la communauté d'apporter des solutions d'accessibilités pour les pages Web, comme des étiquettes pour les graphiques ou les champs de formulaire.
  • Elle permet de déchiffrer le contenu inaccessible (par exemple, elle utilisera ROC sur les liens ou boutons qui ont des images sans texte alternatif).
  • Elle résous les CAPTCHAs. Naturellement, cette fonctionnalité est la plus impressionnante. Donnez tout simplement le focus au champs permettant d'entrer la solution au CAPTCHA puis appuyez sur Ctrl + 6. Le CAPTCHA sera alors temporairement transféré sur le serveur WebVisum qui le résoudra, puis placera le résultat dans le presse-papier prêt à être collé.
  • Et encore d'avantages ... toujours en pleine crosssance. Visitez le site de WebVisum pour les informations à jour.

WebVisum est une fonctionnalité unique pour les utilisateurs Firefox, et ne sera probablement jamais disponible pour d'autres navigateurs comme l'explique la FAQ de WebVisum.

Quels lecteurs d'écran ou loupes sont compatible avec Firefox 3 ?

Firefox 3.02 a été testé de long en large et est connu pour bien fonctionner avec les lecteurs d'écrans suivants :

Des versions d'essais ou de démonstrations sont disponible pour tous les lecteurs d'écran ci-dessus. Il faut noter que les lecteurs d'écrans open source screen n'offrent pas de versions de démonstrations puisque leur version complète est gratuite.

Does Firefox also support VoiceOver on Mac OS X?

The current versions of Firefox do not support the VoiceOver screen reader or the Mac OS accessibility APIs yet. We plan to address OS X support in a future version of Firefox.

My Windows screen reader (or my current version) isn't listed as having good support. What should I do?

JAWS users should use 7.1 or later. Window-Eyes users should use Window-Eyes 7 or later. If your screen reader just doesn't support Firefox 3, or you are tech-savvy and don't mind trying a free, cool screen reader, try NVDA. Since it's still early in the development, you may want to wait ... it's improving quickly. However, it works quite well with Firefox 3. There is no need to uninstall your other screen reader first, and you can always just back to your previous screen reader if you are not satisfied.

Will I have to learn new keystrokes to navigate web pages rendered by Firefox?

No. In all above Windows screen readers, navigating inside web pages is the same regardless of the browser. JAWS or Window-Eyes Quick Navigation keys, for example, all work the same in Firefox 3 as they would in IE. Check your screen reader's documentation on keystroke references for navigating virtual buffers.

Here is one exception, where there is a difference with other browsers:

  • Ctrl+L is used to move to the Location bar to open an internet address (ur<x>l), whereas Ctrl+O is used to open a local file through a standard File Open dialog box.

What are the keyboard navigation enhancements?

Firefox offers full, convenient keyboard and screen reader access to its features. Here are some specific examples:

  • Ctrl+L, followed by Shift+Tab, to immediately hear the most relevant security/encryption info. This allows you to learn whether the website you're about to enter your valued data is secure, or if you are in danger of falling victim to a web forgery attack.
  • Ctrl+Plus to zoom a page larger, and Ctrl+Minus to unzoom.
  • Ctrl+K will focus the quick search bar, where you can enter text to search the web using your favorite search engine (default is Google). The search engine can be changed by pressing Alt+Down in the quick search bar.
  • Type some key words or parts of words into the address bar to find a bookmark or page you've visited. At any point, use the down arrow to explore the list of matches. The system is great at knowing what you want, including learning which match(es) are your preferred ones for the text you typed. The next time you type the same thing, items you've chosen before will be higher in the list. You can also add tags or a keyword to bookmarks to make finding previously visited pages even easier.

More keyboard navigation features are described in the Firefox help under "Keyboard shortcuts" or simply by visiting the page at Raccourcis clavier – effectuer des tâches courantes dans Firefox rapidement.


Where can I get help if I need it?

Help is available at Mozilla's support site, in the [news://news.mozilla.org/mozilla.support.accessibility mozilla.support.accessibility] newsgroup (Google Groups alternative) or the mirrored mailing list. In addition, we're available on the #accessibility channel on irc.mozilla.org.

Support is also available for the WebVisum extension, please use their contact form to provide ideas, feedback or get help.

Can I keep my other browser installed?

Yes. Firefox will not interfere with any other software on your system. You can continue to run any other browser, even at the same time in another window.

How can I change my Windows default browser?

See Faire de Firefox le navigateur par défaut or (ouch!) How to make Internet Explorer your default browser.

Common JAWS questions

JAWS is working slightly differently with web pages Firefox than with IE. Which version of JAWS should I use?

JAWS 7.x, 8.x and 9.x all work with Firefox. However, JAWS 10 has the most polished support. JAWS 10 has added many improvements to Firefox and Thunderbird support. This includes better support for editing and improvements to the virtual buffer support for web pages, making it virtually indentical to what is provided for IE. As an example, JAWS 9 tended to combine lines of text together in the virtual buffer, but only in Firefox, but in JAWS 10, these kinds of troublesome differences with IE support have vanished.

Why doesn't the JAWS Find command work in JAWS 7.x or JAWS 8.x?

JAWS 8.0 has a known problem that the JAWS Find command or Speak Address Bar commands do not work as expected. The reason is that Firefox 3 uses a different executable name than Firefox 2 did, for which JAWS 8.0 was originally configured. To get things working, edit the file Confignames.ini, which is located in your Shared Settings folder. To open this folder, go to Start Menu, Programs, JAWS 8.0, Explore JAWS, Explore Shared Settings. Note on Vista, before pressing Enter, press the Applications key and choose Run as Administrator. Edit the file using NotePad, and add the line: firefox3.0=firefox to the end of the file. Save the file, and when you next start Firefox, the shortcuts will be available.

This change must be made in the Shared file. An override in your user specific path will not work.

How do I copy HTML to the clipboard?

JAWS 9.0 offers a feature in Internet Explorer to copy not the virtual buffer text of a page, but the real HTML content, as if you had selected the text using the mouse on the screen. Unfortunately, Freedom Scientific has not yet implemented this feature for Firefox. If you need to copy text from a web page including formatting, there is a workaround you can use that is a combination of JAWS functions and Firefox's Caret Browsing feature. The steps are as follows:

  1. Navigate to the beginning of the text you want to copy using the virtual cursor.
  2. Press JawsKey + NumPad Minus to route the JAWS cursor to the PC cursor.
  3. Left click on the text using NumPad Slash.
  4. Turn Virtual PC Cursor back on.
  5. Press JawsKey+Z to turn off Virtual Cursor support temporarily.
  6. Press F7 to turn on Caret Browsing. Note that you can turn this on permanently by going to Tools, Options, Advanced page, General tab, and under Accessibility, enable the checkbox labelled "Always use the cursor keys to navigate within pages".
  7. Using Shift+Arrows, select the text you would like to copy.
  8. press Ctrl+C to copy as usual.
  9. Press JawsKey+Z to turn Virtual Cursor back on when done.

The text is now stored on the clipboard with formatting and font information, colors etc.

How does using Firefox benefit open standards?

This is not a feature but nonetheless is a motivatation for many users: supporting Firefox by using it helps to push forward standards and accessibility for the entire web. Web tracking organizations are continually computing the percentage of overall web page views for each type of browser. The more market share Firefox gets, the more that web page developers care about supporting standards. Fortunately, it would appear that the main battle to make standards matter again has already been won. However, even more market share would really drive all companies to ensure their web browsers supported the standards equally well.

How do open standards benefit users with disabilities?

Open standards are truly important for the future of the entire internet. However, they also specifically helpful in the ongoing effort to enable software users with disabilities. Here's a great example: Web 2.0 accessibility. Working together with companies such as IBM, and standards bodies such as W3C and the Linux Foundation, Mozilla has provided technology in Firefox that can make Web 2.0 applications accessible, using a W3C standard called WAI-ARIA. Mozilla's leadership in this area not only paves the way for others to follow, but it encourages all browser vendors to follow suit.

How exactly does Firefox address accessibility for Web 2.0?

Web 2.0 applications are web pages that often utilize JavaScript or AJAX to change the web page as you use it. Firefox is the first web browser to really enable true access to these pages, by implementing support for current versions of the WAI-ARIA draft specification. When a web page or web application utilizes WAI-ARIA markup, the new accessibility features integrate seamlessly with the rest of the web page. As a result of Mozilla's WAI-ARIA work, other browser vendors are now waking up to this very important topic and starting to work on support for WAI-ARIA as well. The use of WAI-ARIA to enable accessibility will grow, as the technology gets integrated into more tools used by users and web application developers.

What is Mozilla's general accessibility philosophy?

Mozilla participates in open standards and supports open source projects that help improve the state of the art for accessibility. In general, Mozilla believes that choice and innovation on the web are for everyone. If you're interested in the Mozilla initiatives in accessibility, please read an article by Frank Hecker, the executive director of the Mozilla Foundation, entitled Making choice and innovation accessible to all.